Also known as "the Lang Toun" because of its extensive seacoast, the history of Kirkcaldy dates back many centuries. Today it is made up of several former towns and the main street is four miles long. It is said that the Battle of Raith was fought to the west of Kirkcaldy in 596 AD. The name of the town comes from a Celtic phrase meaning "fort on a rocky hill" although one would assume it was associated with a church. The history of Kirkcaldy involves coal mining, first started by the monks of Dunfermline Abbey in the 11th century. With a sheltered harbour, the town grew as a result of the safety it provided for ships and grew to become one of the most important seaports in Scotland. By 1820, it was an important whaling centre and with the coming of the railway to quickly export the coal, the town was very prosperous indeed. Kirkcaldy is the birthplace of linoleum; a new flooring that became popular all over the world in the 1960’s.
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